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A sample is weighed and mixed with a water-immiscible solvent, such as xylene or toluene
ASTM D95 Water Content | PDF | Petroleum | Distillation - Scribd
The ASTM D95 test method involves centrifuging a sample of crude oil to separate the water and sediment from the oil. The process is relatively straightforward:
A glass water-cooled jacketed condenser (straight-tube or Liebig type) that ensures complete condensation of volatile vapors. Astm D95 Pdf
If you are searching for an , this comprehensive guide covers the purpose, apparatus, procedure, and significance of this vital testing standard. What is ASTM D95?
While the official ASTM standards are copyrighted and require purchase, there are several legitimate ways to access ASTM D95 content for free or at reduced cost.
Accurate water determination is vital for several operational and economic reasons:
Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation (ASTM D95) Official copies of ASTM standards are copyrighted and
Understanding ASTM D95: The Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation
| Property | Details | |---|---| | | Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation | | Water Range | 0% to 25% by volume | | Test Materials | Petroleum products, tars, bituminous materials (excluding crude oils and bituminous emulsions—refer to D4006 and D244) | | Apparatus | Dean-Stark distillation apparatus with reflux condenser and calibrated trap | | Precision | Nearest 0.05% or 0.1% by volume, depending on trap size | | Latest Version | ASTM D95-23 (published October 1, 2023) |
ASTM D95 is a standard test method developed by ASTM International. It measures the water content in the range of 0% to 25% volume in petroleum products by the distillation method. Scope and Applications
| Source | Method | Cost (approx.) | |--------|--------|----------------| | | Direct purchase from www.astm.org | $50–60 (PDF) | | IHS Markit / Techstreet | Resellers of ASTM standards | Similar pricing | | University / Institutional access | If you are a student or researcher, check your library’s ASTM subscription. | Free via library | | Company license | Many labs have ASTM compilations – ask your quality manager. | Internal use only | Do you need a comparison with Karl Fischer titration
[28†L12-L14]
The condensed liquid falls into a graduated glass trap. Because water is denser than the solvent and immiscible, it settles at the bottom of the trap while the excess solvent overflows back into the flask.
A glass receiver (usually 2 mL to 25 mL capacity) to collect and measure the water. 4. Solvent Selection The choice of solvent depends on the material being tested: Material to be Tested Recommended Solvent Asphalt, Bitumen, Tar Aromatic (Xylene/Toluene blend) Fuel Oil, Lubricating Oil Petroleum Distillate Volatile Spirits 5. Calculation and Accuracy