Sop For Diagnosis Of Top 20 Common Diseases Updated Official

Positive viral nucleic acid or antigen detection from the upper or lower respiratory tract. Diagnostic Tools & Labs:

| Disease | Minimum Required for Diagnosis | Key Update | |---------|-------------------------------|-------------| | Hypertension | Two seated BP readings >130/80 (ACC/AHA 2017) or >140/90 (ESC 2018) on 3 separate visits | Confirm with 24-hr ambulatory BP monitoring | | Type 2 DM | FPG ≥126 mg/dL OR HbA1c ≥6.5% OR 2-hr OGTT ≥200 mg/dL | HbA1c preferred but caution in anemia | | URTI | Clinical (no routine throat culture unless Centor criteria ≥3) | Avoid antibiotics; test COVID/influenza if high risk | | UTI | Urinalysis (nitrites, leukocytes) + symptoms; culture only if recurrent, pregnancy, or men | Do not treat asymptomatic bacteriuria except pregnancy | | Ischemic Heart Disease | ECG + high-sensitivity troponin (0/1h or 0/2h algorithm) + Chest pain history | Use HEART score for ED triage | | COPD | Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC <0.70 + smoking history | No routine spirometry in acute exacerbation | | Appendicitis | Alvarado score (≥7 for surgery) + CT if equivocal | Ultrasound first in children/pregnancy |

Excessive, uncontrollable anxiety and worry about multiple everyday events, accompanied by physical symptoms such as restlessness, muscle tension, irritability, fatigue, and sleep disturbance.

Chest X-ray (CXR), Pulse Oximetry, CURB-65 score for severity. Asthma & COPD (Exacerbation): Protocol: Spirometry for diagnosis (FEV1/FVC Diagnostics: Peak flow meter, Chest X-ray, Pulse Oximetry. 4. Gastrointestinal Conditions Dyspepsia/Peptic Ulcer Disease: Protocol: Clinical diagnosis of epigastric pain. sop for diagnosis of top 20 common diseases updated

Occult blood stool testing or diagnostic endoscopy/colonoscopy to rule out occult gastrointestinal blood loss in adults. 14. Major Depressive Disorder (ICD-11: 6A70)

TSH to rule out hyperthyroidism; Toxicology screen to rule out stimulant or substance abuse; ECG to investigate palpitations.

Rapid onset of diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, abdominal cramps, anorexia, and occasional low-grade fever. Positive viral nucleic acid or antigen detection from

Wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough that vary over time and in intensity; symptoms often worsen at night or in response to triggers (allergens, viral infections, exercise).

Non-fasting samples are now acceptable for initial screening in most low-risk adults. 5. Gastrointestinal Conditions 11. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) SOP: Clinical diagnosis based on heartburn/regurgitation.

Abnormalities of kidney structure or function present for >3is greater than 3 months, health implications considered. Diagnostic Protocol: Persistent depressed mood

Lipid profile fasting test. Target LDL based on CV risk score (2026 risk calculators). 3. Respiratory Infections & Conditions Acute Upper Respiratory Infection (URI/Common Cold):

Clinical exam showing joint crepitus and limited ROM. X-rays show joint space narrowing and osteophytes. 15. Migraine

Perform a resting ECG. If normal, order a non-invasive stress test (Exercise Stress ECG, Stress Echocardiography, or Myocardial Perfusion Imaging).

Persistent depressed mood, anhedonia, significant weight or appetite changes, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, diminished concentration, or recurrent suicidal ideation.

Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Elevated TSH with normal Free T4. Serum TSH (initial screening test). Free T4 (reflex testing if TSH is abnormal).